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Porovnání působení dusíkato-fosforečných hnojiv ve výživě pšenice ozimé a řepky ozimé
Večeřa, Radomír
The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess and compare the effect of spring nitrogen-phosphorus fertilization on the yield and qualitative parameters of winter wheat and winter oilseed rape. Small-plot experiments took place at Vatín in 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The experimental variants of fertilization for both model crops were 1. Control, 2. NPS immunMax (12-10+11S), 3. GSH NP 15-5+20S, 4. CAN + Amofos (12-52) (3:1) and 5. CAN + Amofos (12-52) (1:1). The parameters used in the assessment of winter wheat were yield, bulk density, nitrogenous substances and wet gluten content, grain sedimentation value. Winter oilseed rape were assessed by observing the yield and the oil content of the seeds. Winter wheat was monitored for the influence of the two terms of application of NP fertilizers during tillering. Winter oilseed rape was monitored for the influence of fertilization with a 100% dose of N and the application of NP fertilizers during side-shoot formation stage and fertilization with a dose of 70% N and the application of NP fertilizers in begin of stem elongation. The weather in individual years of the experiment had a statistically significant effect on the yield and quality parameters of winter wheat. There were no significant differences between the variants of NP fertilization and the terms of spring application. In the case of winter oilseed rape, the effect of the weather in years of the experiment was proven only for the yield. There was no significant difference between the variants of NP fertilization. A significant effect on yield and oil content was proven between terms of application with different doses of N. In the long term, phosphorus fertilizing in the spring make sense due to low phosphorus content in soil or ensure the return of phosphorus taken by harvests, but no yield or quality effect was recorded during the two-year observation.
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Využití kombinovaného hnojiva ve výživě řepky ozimé
Dundálek, Ladislav
The diploma thesis aimed to evaluate the effect of regeneratively applied combined fertilizer in the nutrition of oilseed rape. The experiment was established at two localities (Žabčice and Vatín) in the form of a small-plot field experiment carried out in the economic years 2020/2021 and 2021/2022. The following treatments were included in the experiment: unfertilized, control, FertiTOP 44 NPS, and FertiTOP 44 NPS in lower dose. The total dose of nitrogen applied in treatment FertiTOP NPS 44 (lower dose) was 130 kg/ha. Control treatment and FertiTop NPS 44 in full dose were based on the total dose of 168 kg/ha of N. In addition to nitrogen, sulfur was also applied as part of regenerative fertilization in control treatment. The following parameters were examined: yield, oil content, oil production, and economic evaluation. A statistically significant difference between the examined treatments was found for the yield and oil production parameters. Overall, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment was evaluated as the most optimal option with the highest average yield of 3.81 t/ha recorded in the Vatín location. At the Žabčice location, this variant provided an average yield of 3.20 t/ha. This variant was evaluated for the second highest oil content in the Vatín locality (45.3%), but in the Žabčice locality, this variant provided lower oil content (40.7%). In terms of oil production, the FertiTOP 44 NPS (full dose) treatment showed the highest oil production at both locations. The application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in the average oil production 1.72 t/ha in Vatín and 1.31 t/ha in Žabčice. The economic evaluation showed that application of FertiTOP 44 NPS resulted in increase of profit by 21.21% compared to the control treatment in the economic year 2020/2021. Similar result was observed in second year (2021/2022), but the increase in profit compared to the control variant was only 4.11%.
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Využití humátů v kombinaci s bórem ve výživě řepky ozimé
Rzymanek, Jakub
The aim of the thesis was to assess the effect of foliar application of boron (B) together with humate on yield and oil content of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). For this purpose, a one-year field trial was evaluated. In this trial two different fertilizers containing boron were used. These fertilizers were applied both without and in combination with humate. In each treatment, a total of 300 g of B/ha (in the form of borethanolamine) and humate in a dose of 2 l/ha were applied. In one variant, humate without boron was used, in a total dose of 2 l/ha. The average of two unfertilized control treatments was used for comparison. A significant effect of boron used with humate on the yield of winter rape was reached (highest gain by 7.93%) in comparison to the control. A positive effect on seed yield was also reached by application of boron without humate in B2 treatment (+ 6.83%), which was significant compared to the control and compared to the B1 treatment too. Significant yield effect (+ 2.55%) in comparison to the control was reached also by application of humate without boron. A very small effect of boron fertilization on oil content was found. The highest oil content was reached by the separate use of humate (+ 1.19%). The treatments were also evaluated in terms of economic efficiency. Based on the results of yield obtained and economic efficiency of treatments, the B1 + NF treatment was chosen as the best one.
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Diverzita vegetace polních plevelů severního Letovicka
Jurka, Pavel
In my bachelor thesis I focus on comparison of weed vegetation in winter wheat and winter rape in the area northeast of Letovice. In the first part of the thesis I describe history of agriculture in Morava and overall characteristics of the area where the lands are located. Next I describe parameters of observed crops. In the end of this part I define categorization of weed together with ways of its regulation both direct and indirect. In the second part I interpret results of my observation. In the charts I show the average occurrence of particular species which appeared on monitored lands and I compare its occurrence in winter wheat and winter rape. Most common weed which was found in wheat and rape were speedwel ivy, speedwel persian, violet chamomile a dead nettle pusrple.
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Podzimní aplikace stabilizovaného dusíkato-sirného hnojiva u řepky ozimé
Vrtěl, Petr
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate the efficiency of autumn fertilization technology with stabilized nitrogen-sulfur fertilizer (ENSIN) in oilseed rape. The experiment was established in the economical year 2014/2015 in the form of a small-plot field experiment on the fields of the School farm in Žabčice. Evaluation criterions were seed yield and oil contend of oilseed rape. The following variants of the ENSIN fertilizer application were included in the experiment: variant 1 in the autumn was not fertilized, variant 2 was in the autumn fertilized, variant 3 fertilized in the autumn later and variant 4 fertilized in autumn later and in spring at the beginning of elongation . The variants of fertilization were statistically inconclusive in seed yield and oil contend. Highest yield had variant 4.
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Vliv dusíkatých hnojiv s humáty na výnos a kvalitu řepky ozimé
Vlášek, Jan
The goal of bachelor´s thesis effect of nitrogen fertilizers with humates on the yield and quality of winter rape was to make a literature summary focused on humic substances, their mixture with fertilizers and nutrition of winter rape. In practical experiment evaluate the influence of addition of humic substances to nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur, sulphur and magnesium to be more precise to the yield of winter rape seeds and oil production. Patch field tests were done on experimental stations of Mendel University, Žabčice u Brna (179 m a. s. l.) and Vatín u Žďáru na Sázavou (535 m a. s. l.) in the year 2015/2016. Several variations were included in these experiments, with fertilizes DASA 26-13, MAGNISUL and DASAMAG and fertilizes with addition of humic substances DASA H, MAGNISUL H and DASAMAG H. Mentioned fertilizers were applied as regenerative fertilization. Yield of winter rape seeds was statistically higher on site Žabčice. Addition of humic substances did not significantly manifest on yield. Only variation with MAGNISUL H had 11 % higher yield than MAGNISUL. Differences in achieved oiliness of seeds were not statistically significant.
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Současné trendy a výsledky pěstování řepky olejky (Brassica napus L.)
Vintr, Dalibor
The first part of this thesis is based on the theory and recorded findings of growing winter oilseed rape. The second part of the thesis describes phenological observations of winter rape from sowing the seeds to the harvest, which were conducted in the company Zemo, spol. s r.o., in the years 2015/2016. During these observations, grower´s inputs were recorded, in which innovative solutions in the cultivation of winter oilseed rape hybrids were used in the above mentioned company. Three land blocks (Greit, Šarcles and Štumpigl) with three winter oilseed rape hybrids (Marathon, Mercedes and Sherpa) were selected and every month the following data were observed: BBCH stage, the number of plants per sq m, plant height, root length and the diameter of the root neck. Furthermore, the average yield of hybrid seeds harvested per hectare was calculated, which was then compared to the company´s average yield of the same varieties, as well as to the company and whole country´s average yields of winter oilsee rape in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. The data were statistically processed and evaluated graphically.
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Ovlivnění výnosu a olejnatosti semene řepky ozimé použitím stabilizovaných močovin
Tuček, Tomáš
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of stabilized nitrogen fertilizers in the recovery fertilization of winter oilseed rape on the yield and oil content, along with the economic evaluation in 2013-2015. The experiment was established in the year 2013 in the form of small-plot experiment in Žabčice by Brno. The following variants of fertilization were chosen for the experiment: 1. Unfertilized, 2. Split urea, 3. One-phase urea, 4. UREAstabil (urea + urease inhibitor), 5. ALZON 46 (urea + nitrification inhibitor). The variant with Split urea was applied in the spring in the regeneration and in two production fertilization at full dose of 194 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. We have taken ground samples for a better evaluation of influence of applied fertilizers. These variations of fertilization had no significant effect on seed yield or oiliness. There were increase of yield with fertilized variants in compare with non-fertilized, the best was the split urea fertilization. There was a higher yield and oiliness for ALZON 46 for stabilized fertilizers. However, the oiliness was rapidly going down for all fertilized variants in 2014 and 2015.
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Regenerační hnojení řepky ozimé dusíkatými hnojivy se sírou
Špaňhelová, Klára
This baclehor thesis examines the influence of the regenereation nitrogen fertilization with sulphur on yield and oiliness of winter oilseed rape.The experiment was perfomed in year 2014/2015. The experiment was established as a small plot field experiment in Vatín.The experiment icluded following variants of fertilizatoin: 1. unfertilized, 2. LAD (ammonium nitrate with dolomite) + LAD, 3. ENSIN (ammonium nitrate + ammonium sulphate with nitrification inhibitor) 100 %, 4. ENSIN 80 %, 5. ENTEC (ammonium nitrate + ammonium sulphate with nitrification inhibitor) 100 %. 6. ENTEC 80 %, 7. DASA ( ammonium nitrate + ammonium sulphate) + DASA, 8. LAD + ENSIN. Variants of fertilization had not statistically signifiant effect on the rape yield.The highest result was achieved on variant ENTEC 80 % with yield 2,7 t/ha. This variant provided higher yield by 29,1 % than unfertilized variant.The variant ENTEC 80 % provided higher yield by 26,7 % than variant LAD + LAD. The fertilizing had not statistically signifiant effect on the rape seeds oiliness. The highest oil content was achieved unfertilized on variant with oiliness 47,4 %.
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Vztah hustoty porostu ozimých plodin a intenzity zaplevelení v provozních podmínkách
Punčochář, Radek
Weed infestation was carried out in the vegetation of oilseed rape and winter wheat in the operating conditions. The aim was to observe a difference between between autumn and spring in the weed species composition in individual crops. Species Chenopodium strictum and Thlaspi arvense were identified in the vegetation of oilseed rape in autumn and species Capsella bursa-pastoris and Tripleurospermum inodorum during spring. Species Euphorbia cyparissias, Stelaria media and Rumex crispus were found in winter wheat during autumn. Results, which are not statistically significant, show that there is a relation between the density of winter crop vegetation and the weed species composition. Species Chenopodium strictum, Thlaspi arvense, Triticum aestivum and Tripleurospermum inodorum occurred in sparse population of oilseed rape. Species Lycopsis arvensis and Polygonum arenastrum were found in denser vegetation of oilseed rape. Species Avena fatua, Stelaria media and Thlaspi arvense were observed in sparse population of winter wheat and in denser species Geranium dissectum and Erodium cicutarium.
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